Neuroprotective effects of Nigella sativa extracts during germination on central nervous system

Islam MH, Ahmad IZ, Salman MT. Neuroprotective effectsof Nigella sativa extracts during germination on central nervous system. Phcog Mag 2015;11:182-9.

Background: Nigella sativa Linn. which has many acclaimed medicinal properties is an indigenous herbaceous plant and belongs to the Ranunculaceae family, which grows in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, Pakistan and India. Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effects of N. sativa seed extracts of different germination phases on the central nervous system (CNS) responses in experimental animals. 

Materials and Methods: Anxiolytic, locomotor activity of extracts (1 g/kg of body weight) was evaluated in both stressed and unstressed animal models and antiepileptic effect was evaluated by maximal electroshock seizure model keeping diazepam (20 mg/kg) as a positive control. Antidepressant effect was evaluated by forced swim test and tail suspension test keeping imipramine (15 mg/kg) as a positive control. 

Results: All tested extracts of N. sativa during different phases of germination (especially 5th day germination phase) showed significant (P < 0.001) anxiolytic effect in comparison to control. Diazepam reduced locomotor activity in control (unstressed) rats but did not show affect in stressed rats while N. sativa extracts from germination phases significantly (P < 0.001) reduced locomotor activity in unstressed as well as stressed animals. All the extracts of N. sativa from different germination phases exhibited significant (P < 0.001) reduction in various phases of epileptic seizure on comparison with the reference standard (diazepam). During antidepressant test, N. sativa extracts exhibited a slight reduction in the immobility of rats. 

Conclusion: During germination, especially in 5th day germination extract, N. sativa showed significant CNS depressant activity as compared to whole seeds that possibly may be due higher content of secondary metabolites produced during germination.

In vivo Hepatoprotective Potential of Nigella sativa Extract Against Rifampicin Induced Sub-chronic Hepatotoxicity and Altered Redox Status

In vivo Hepatoprotective Potential of Nigella sativa Extract Against Rifampicin Induced Sub-chronic Hepatotoxicity and Altered Redox Status

Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature

Volume 2, Issue 3, 2012

DOI:

10.1080/22311866.2012.10719124

Devendra Singh kushwah^a, Mohd Tariq Salman^a*, Hemant Kumar Singh^a, Ali Ahmad^a & V.K. verma^a 

pages 167-177

Despite the hepatotoxic effects of Rifampicin (RIF), its use is inevitable in the management of tuberculosis. No satisfactory treatment is available for prevention of this adverse effect. This study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of Nigella sativa extract (NSE) against Rifampicin induced sub-chronic hepatotoxicity. Male wistar rats were divided in 4 groups of 8 each and received vehicle, RIF (100 mg/ kg), RIF (100 mg/kg)+NSE (250 mg/kg) or RIF (100 mg/kg)+NSE (500 mg/kg) orally respectively for 28 days. Blood was withdrawn at day 14 and 28 for estimation of circulatory liver markers and anti-oxidant levels. At the end of the experiment histopathological study and estimation of SOD, CAT, GSH and LPO in liver samples was done. Pre-treatment of NSE produced significant hepatoprotection by decreasing the level of serum Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p< 0.01), Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (p< 0.001), Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (p<0 .001="" action="" advocate="" against="" along="" and="" another="" architecture="" bilirubin="" bridging="" by="" cat="" changes="" chronic="" degeneration="" degenerative="" drug="" extending="" fatty="" from="" further="" group="" groups="" gsh="" hepatocytes="" hepatoprotective="" hepatotoxicity.="" hepatoxicity.="" histopathology="" in="" increasing="" indicate="" induced="" infiltration="" is="" its="" kg="" level="" levels="" liver="" mda="" mg="" microvesicular="" mononuclear="" near="" necrosis="" needed="" normal="" nse="" of="" one="" p="" persisting="" portal="" possesses="" pre-treatment="" prevention="" regaining="" research="" results="" rif="" serum="" showed="" sod="" span="" steatosis.="" sub="" that="" the="" to="" tract.="" tract="" triditis="" use="" with="">

Black cumin seeds possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity comparable to indomethacin.

IN VIVO EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF NIGELLA SATIVA SEED DURING GERMINATION

MOHAMMAD HAYATUL ISLAM, IFFAT ZAREEN AHMAD AND MOHAMMAD TARIQ SALMAN

Objective: The medicinal values of Nigella sativa have been mentioned in ancient literature as useful in disorders of inflammation. The present study investigates the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanol extract of Nigella sativa seed during different phases of its germination on Wistar rats. Methods: Seeds of N. sativa were grown in vitro in glass petri plates using multiple folds of damp filter paper. Complete plantlet with two leaves was obtained in 11 days. The acute anti-inflammatory activity of N. sativa extracts during different phases of germination was measured plethysmographically using kaolin as inflammatory agent, analgesic activity was measured by hot plate method, keeping indomethacin (10mg/kg b.w) as reference standard in both tests.
Results: All tested extracts of N. sativa (1gm/kg b.w) during different phases of germination showed significant reduction in paw oedema in comparison to control (P<0 .001="" 5th="" all="" among="" analgesic="" and="" anti-inflammatory="" day="" during="" effect="" extract="" extracts.="" germination="" hot="" in="" increased="" of="" on="" p="" plate="" reaction="" showed="" significant="" test.="" test="" tested="" the="" time="">
Conclusion: It may be concluded that extracts of N. sativa possess enhanced anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities during germination as compared to seed extract. High metabolic activity and higher contents of secondary metabolites expressed during germination might be responsible for this activity.

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In vitro antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa oil against multi-drug resistant bacteria.

Salman, Mohd Tariq; Khan, Rahat Ali and Shukla, Indu (2006) In vitro antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa oil against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Unimed Kulliyat, II (1). pp. 8-13.

Abstract
Nigella sativa L. essential oil was studied for antibacterial activity against various clinical isolates of bacteria resistant to a number of antibiotics, in varying concentrations by Disc Agar diffusion technique using impregnated filter paper discs on inoculated Muellar Hinton agar plates. The oil showed pronounced dose dependent antibacterial activity which was more against Gram +ve than Gram –ve bacteria. Among Gram +ve bacteria tested, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, other coagulase –ve Staphylococci and Streptococcus pyogenes were sensitive to the oil and 2 (Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae) were resistant. Among Gram –ve bacteria tested, only Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to oil and rest (Acinetobacter baumannii, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris and Vibrio cholerae) were insensitive. Out of 147 strains tested, most of which were resistant to a number of antibiotics, 97 were inhibited by the oil.

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Antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa Linn. seed oil against multi-drug resistant bacteria from clinical isolates

Salman, Mohd Tariq; Khan, Rahat Ali and Shukla, Indu (2008) Antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa Linn. seed oil against multi-drug resistant bacteria from clinical isolates. Natural Product Radiance, 7 (1). pp. 10-14. ISSN 0972-592X, IPC code; Int. cl.⁸— A61K 36/00, A61P 31/04.

Abstract

An alarming increase in bacterial strains resistant to existing antimicrobial agents demands a renewed effort to seek agents effective against pathogenic bacteria resistant to current antimicrobials. Nigella sativa Linn. essential oil was studied for antibacterial activity against various clinical isolates of bacteria resistant to a number of antibiotics, in varying concentrations by Disc Agar diffusion technique using impregnated filter paper discs on inoculated Muellar Hinton agar plates. The oil showed pronounced dose dependent antibacterial activity which was more against Gram positive than Gram negative bacteria. Among Gram positive bacteria tested, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, other coagulase –ve Staphylococci and Streptococcus pyogenes were sensitive to the oil and Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae were resistant. Among Gram –ve bacteria tested, only Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to oil and rest (Acinetobacter baumannii, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris and Vibrio cholerae) were insensitive. Out of 144 strains tested, most of which were resistant to a number of antibiotics, 97 were inhibited by the oil of black cumin. To the best of our knowledge, the activity of essential oil against coagulase negative Staphylococci (except S. epidermidis) and S. pyogenes is being reported for the first time.

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