Monday, March 29, 2010
Friday, March 19, 2010
BioTechniques - Logical and pedagogical
biochemistry on the Web for everyone to see, use, and enjoy.
Thursday, March 18, 2010
New drug approvals
Drugs Approved for New Purposes or as Novel Formulations in 2009
Generic Name | Traditional Use | New Form | New Use |
benzyl alcohol | preservative | 5% lotion | head lice |
bromocriptine | acromegaly, hyperprolactinemia, Parkinson disease | 0.8mg tablet | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
calcitriol | secondary hyperparathyroidism, hypocalcemia | 0.0003% ointment | psoriasis |
capsaicin | muscle or joint pain | 8% transdermal patch (Rx) | postherpetic neuralgia |
ciprofloxacin | superficial ocular infections | 0.2% otic solution | otitis externa |
diclofenac | analgesia, ankylosing spondylitis, arthritis. dysmenorrhea, migraine | 1.5% solution in DMSO for topical application | osteoarthritis of the knee |
guanfacine | hypertension | 1mg, 2mg, 3mg, 4mg extended-release tablets | attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
ibuprofen | pain, inflammation, fever | IV solution for administration in health care settings (Rx) | analgesia |
ketoprofen | arthritis | 12.5mg cinnamon or peppermint flavored oral film (OTC) | minor pain |
sildenafil | erectile dysfunction | 10mg/12.5mL injection | pulmonary arterial hypertension |
sumatriptan | migraine | 6mg subcutaneously (needle-free system) | migraine |
tadalafil | erectile dysfunction | 20mg tablet | pulmonary arterial hypertension |
tranexamic acid | hemophilia (post-tooth extraction hemorrhage) | 650mg tablet | menorrhagia |
treprostinil | pulmonary arterial hypertension (continuous IV infusion) | 0.6 mg/mL inhalation | pulmonary arterial hypertension |
vigabatrin* | orphan drug for infantile spasms (West syndrome) | 500mg tablet | refractory complex partial seizures |
New Drugs Licensed in 2009 with Mechanisms Similar to Previously Approved Drugs
Generic Name | Mechanism of Action | 2009 FDA Approved Indication | Pharmacologically Similar Agents |
abobotulinum toxin type A (botulinum toxin type A neurotoxin complex produced from a proprietary fermentation process) | acetylcholine release inhibitor | Treatment of cervical dystonia and cosmetic treatment of facial lines | onabotulinumtoxinA (botulinum toxin type A) |
rimabotulinumtoxinB (botulinum toxin type B) | |||
asenapine | serotonin, dopamine, alpha adrenergic, and histamine receptor antagonist | • Treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder | clozapine, loxapine, olanzapine, quetiapine |
• Acute treatment of schizophrenia | |||
bepotastine | ophthalmic H1-receptor antagonist and inhibitor of the release of histamine from mast cells | Treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis | cromolyn, lodoxamine, nedocromil, pemirolast |
besifloxacin | ophthalmic fluoroquinolone antibiotic | Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis | ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin |
canakinumab | anti-human-IL-1β monoclonal antibody | Treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes | anakinra, rilonacept |
dexlansoprazole (R-enantiomer of lansoprazole) | (H+,K+)-ATPase inhibitor | • Management of erosive esophagitis | esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole |
• Treatment of heartburn | |||
dronedarone | potassium, calcium, and sodium channel blocker | Therapy of atrial fibrillation or flutter | amiodarone |
everolimus | inhibitor of mTOR kinase activity | Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma | temsirolimus |
febuxostat | xanthine oxidase inhibitor | Management of hyperuricemia | allopurinol |
ferumoxytol (superpara-magnetic iron oxide coated in a carbohydrate shell) | hematopoietic | Treatment of iron deficiency anemia associated with chronic kidney disease | iron dextran, iron sucrose, sodium ferric gluconate complex |
golimumab | tumor inhibitor necrosis factor α | Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis | adalimumab, certolizumab, etanercept, infliximab, |
iloperidone | dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine receptor antagonist | Treatment of schizophrenia | paliperidone, risperidone, ziprasidone |
milnacipran | selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor | Management of fibromyalgia | desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, venlafaxine |
ofatumumab | monoclonal antibody against CD20 | Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia | rituximab |
pazopanib | multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor | Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma | dasatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, imatinib, lapatinib, nilotinib, sunitinib |
pitavastatin | HMG CoA reductase inhibitor | Management of hypercholesterolemia | atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin |
pralatrexate | folate analogue metabolic inhibitor | Treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma | methotrexate, pemetrexed |
prasugrel | platelet P2Y12 receptor antagonist | Management of acute coronary syndrome | clopidogrel, ticlopidine |
romidepsin | histone deacetylase inhibitor | Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma | vorinostat |
saxagliptin | dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor | Adjunct treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus | sitagliptin |
telavancin (semi-synthetic vancomycin derivative) | lipoglycopeptide antibacterial | Treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible isolates of gram-positive microorganisms | daptomycin, teicoplanin, vancomycin |
tolvaptan | vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist | Treatment of hyponatremia | conivaptan |
New Pharmacological Drug Classes Introduced in 2009
Pharmacologic Class | First to be Marketed in the U.S. | FDA Approved Indication |
endoperoxide/quinoline combination schizontocide | artemether/lumefantrine (coartem) | Treatment of acute, uncomplicated malaria |
plasma kallikrein inhibitor | ecallantide (kalbitor) | Treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema |
monoclonal antibody against the p40 protein subunit of interleukin-12 and -23 | ustekinumab(stelara) | Treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis |
Monday, March 1, 2010
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