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Wednesday, April 29, 2009

Treatment of Swine flu Influenza

Antiviral Treatment:
  • Should be considered for confirmed, probable, or suspected cases of swine flu virus infection.
  • Oseltamivir and zanamivir should be initiated as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms.
  • Recommended duration of treatment is five days.
  • Doses recommended for treatment are the same as those recommended for seasonal influenza.
  • Oseltamivir use in children <1 year old was recently approved by the FDA under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA).

Antiviral Chemoprophylaxis:
  • Chemoprophylaxis is recommended for:
    • Household close contacts who are at high-risk for complications of influenza (eg, certain medical conditions, persons ≥65 years old, children <5>
    • School children who are at high-risk for complications of influenza and who had close contact with a confirmed, probable, or suspected case.
    • Travelers to Mexico who are at high-risk for complications of influenza.
    • Healthcare workers and public health workers who were not using appropriate protective equipment during close contact with an ill confirmed, probable, or suspected case during the infectious period.
  • Chemoprophylaxis (pre-exposure) may be considered for:
    • Healthcare workers at high-risk for complications of influenza and who are working in areas that contain patients with confirmed illness or who are caring for patients with acute febrile respiratory illness.
    • Non-high risk persons who are travelers to Mexico, first responders, or border workers who are in areas with confirmed cases.
  • Oseltamivir or zanamivir may be used.
  • Post-exposure: duration of chemoprophylaxis is 10 days after last known exposure to ill confirmed case.
  • Pre-exposure: chemoprophylaxis should be given during potential exposure period and for 10 days after last known exposure.
  • Oseltamivir may be used for chemoprophylaxis in children <1>

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