HCC is a promising target for immunotherapy because tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are actively recruited to HCC lesions. However, these lymphocytes fail to kill tumor cells, possibly because T-cell maturation is prevented.
Dendritic cells process antigens and present them to naive T and B cells. Dr Palmer et al. isolated dendritic cells from 35 patients with advanced HCC who were not amenable to curative resection, transplantation, local ablation or chemoembolization. Dendritic cells were pulsed with lysates from Hep G2, a liver-tumor cell line with many antigens in common with HCC. Patients received well-tolerated, multiple intravenous infusions of mature, pulsed dendritic cells. Of 25 patients who received at least two vaccinations, one achieved radiological partial response and six disease stabilization for 6–16 months. Of the 17 patients eligible for serological assessment, four achieved partial serological response and four disease stabilization.
Dendritic cells process antigens and present them to naive T and B cells. Dr Palmer et al. isolated dendritic cells from 35 patients with advanced HCC who were not amenable to curative resection, transplantation, local ablation or chemoembolization. Dendritic cells were pulsed with lysates from Hep G2, a liver-tumor cell line with many antigens in common with HCC. Patients received well-tolerated, multiple intravenous infusions of mature, pulsed dendritic cells. Of 25 patients who received at least two vaccinations, one achieved radiological partial response and six disease stabilization for 6–16 months. Of the 17 patients eligible for serological assessment, four achieved partial serological response and four disease stabilization.
Source: Palmer, D. H. et al. A phase II study of adoptive immunotherapy using dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysate in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 49, 124–132 (2009).
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